Formation of a paper neural-fuzzy time scale in the eastern Asia

This work presents a novel scheme to simulate a paper time scale by utilizing ensemble clock data of time laboratories in the eastern Asia-Pacific region. Based on integration of the above data with a neural-fuzzy prediction approach, the time difference with a local coordinated universal time is analyzed by a reference time scale devised in this work. Validity of the proposed scheme is investigated by undertaking a 250-day long neural-fuzzy predictor that is based on the calculated clock ensembles from Asian time laboratories. In the Asia-Pacific rim region, TWSTFT links from four laboratories, including the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology of Japan (NICT), the National Time Service Center of China (NTSC), the Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science of Korea (KRISS), and the Telecommunication Laboratories of Taiwan (TL), have formed a time transfer network based on use of multi-channel TWSTFT time transfer modems. Thus, a paper neural-fuzzy reference time scale by using the ensemble clock data among NICT, NTSC, KRISS, and TL in the Asia-Pacific region is simulated. Moreover, the performance of the proposed time scale is evaluated.