Notice of RetractionApplication of laser sintering technology in heat exchanger design and manufacture

Notice of Retraction

After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.

We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.

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Laser sintering technology is being widely applied in different industries. There is, however, a resistance to the application of this technology and the applications are limited due to the nature of the process. For example, the surface roughness of the final laser sintered product is often a major technical issue. The disadvantages in one area can probably displayed as the advantages in another area. The use of laser sintering technology in the design and manufacture of heat exchangers is such an example. In the areas of thermodynamics, heat transfer, and fluid mechanics, the enhancement of heat transfer is the key research topic. Heat exchangers are commonly used in engineering applications from power generation to computer processors. Some types of heat exchangers, such as finned-tube heat exchangers, helical internal or external tube heat exchangers and double tube heat exchangers, are recommended in many areas. In mass and volume critical applications such as aerospace, aeronautic, marine, biomedical, and computer engineering, the need for weight and volume efficient designs is paramount. Unfortunately these heat exchangers are difficult to be manufactured in the traditional ways, and the heat transfer is restricted by the existing contact thermal resistance between different assembles and the required rough surface is always beyond the control. The use of laser sintering technology in the design and manufacture of some kinds of heat exchangers is presented in this paper. The results show that the laser sin- ering technology is the feasible way to manufacture some high quality heat exchangers to reach high surface area to volume ratios through the use of unique geometries and some specific heat exchangers can be successfully manufactured, meanwhile the challenges facing the laser sintering are also identified for further investigation.