Achievable rate analysis of large scale antenna systems with hardware mismatch in UL/DL

This paper studies the impact of hardware mismatch (HM) between base station (BS) and user equipment in the downlink of large scale antenna systems. Analytical expressions to predict the achievable rates are derived for different precoding methods, i.e. matched filter (MF) and regularized zero-forcing (RZF), using large system analysis techniques. Furthermore, the asymptotic downlink signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) under HM is investigated, which is only related to the variances of circuit gains in most practical scenarios. Monte-Carlo simulations are carried out, and numerical results demonstrate the correctness of the analysis.