Models and control methodologies of heavy haul trains toward energy efficiency: A survey

The advances in the modeling and control methodologies of heavy haul trains are reviewed from energy efficiency perspective. The developments in railway systems are also reviewed as background of the train modeling and control problem. Until present, there exist two types of models: physical principle model and data-driving model. As far as the control methods are concerned, two different classifications are presented in this paper. One is to classify them into transient control and cruise control according to the focused process. The other is to classify them into switching control and action control according to the framework of the control methods.