Robust change analysis of SAR data through information-theoretic multitemporal features

Multi-temporal analysis of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images has gained an ever increasing attention due to the availability of several satellite platforms with different revisit times and to the intrinsic capability of the SAR system of producing all-weather observations. As a drawback, automated analysis in general and change detection in particular are made difficult by the inherent noisiness of SAR imagery. Even if a pre-processing step aimed at speckle reduction is adopted, most of algorithms borrowed from computer vision cannot be profitably used. In this work, a novel pixel feature suitable for change analysis is derived from information-theoretic concepts. It does not require preliminary de-speckling and capable of providing accurate change maps from a couple of SAR images. The rationale is that the negative of logarithm of the probability of an amplitude level in one image conditional to the level of the same pixel in the other image conveys an information on the amount of change occurred between the two passes. Experimental results carried out on two couples of multi-temporal SAR images demonstrate that the proposed IT feature outperform the Log-Ratio in terms of capability of discriminating changes.