Multiple scattering from random rough surfaces based on a deterministic full wave model

Full wave solutions for the double scattered fields from deterministic (sinusoidal) rough surfaces are obtained. It is found that rough surfaces of maximum slope less than 45° do not exhibit backscatter enhancement. The double scattered fields from rough surfaces of maximum slope larger than 45° are significant compared with the single scattered fields. At very high frequencies, the major contribution to the double scattered fields come from those points on the surface at which the phase is stationary. Double scatter radar cross sections for random rough surfaces are obtained based on the deterministic (sinusoidal) model