Mobile ad-hoc mesh for cellular networks: Mobile ad-hoc and mesh routing solutions based on OFDMA technologies for public safety & defence applications

The current Mobile wireless systems, such as GSM, UMTS, HSPA, LTE and WiMAX, are based on “Cell Concentration” concept comprise of 2 main parts: Radio Access Network (RAN) and Core Network (CN). RAN provides radio bearers between the core network and the mobile station in the field for the transport of user data, Signaling and Management messages, thus enabling mobile stations to access the different services. Radio Access Network (RAN) is composed of Base Stations (BS) and base station Controllers either may split in two separate equipments (in the GSM and UMTS systems) or re-group in one node (HSPA+LTE). Core Network is the central part of a network and provides connectivity to the external world, such as PSTN for voice, Internet, mail or Video streaming. Different GWs are deployed between the CN and RAN (AGW for WiMAX Systems, S-GW and MME for LTE, etc´).