Efficient computation of the azimuth and elevation angles of the sources by using unitary matrix pencil method (2-D UMP)

In this study, we extended the 1-dimensional (1-D) unitary matrix pencil method to 2-dimensional case, where 2-D matrix pencil method are used to find the 2-D poles corresponding to the direction of arrival, azimuth and elevation angles, of the far field sources impinging on antenna arrays. This technique uses matrix pencil (MP) method to compute the direction of arrival (DOA) of the signals using a very efficient computational procedure in which the complexity of the computation can be reduced significantly by using a unitary matrix transformation. This method applies the technique directly to the data without forming a covariance matrix. Using real computations through the unitary transformation for the 2-D matrix pencil method leads to a very efficient computational methodology for real time implementation on a DSP chip. The numerical simulation results are provided to see the performance of the method. The simulation results show that for the low signal to noise ratio (SNR) cases the new 2-D unitary matrix pencil method outperforms the current 2-D MP method