An overview of space-time adaptive processing for radar

The paper provides a survey of space-time adaptive processing for radar target detection. Specifically, early work on adaptive array processing from the point of view of maximum signal-to-noise-ratio and minimum mean squared error perspectives are briefly reviewed for motivation. The sample matrix inversion method of I.S. Reed et al. (see IEEE Trans. on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol.10, p.853-63, 1974) is discussed with attention devoted to its convergence properties. Variants of this approach, such as E.J. Kelly´s GLRT (see IEEE Trans. on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol.22, p.115-27, 1986), adaptive matched filters and ACE tests, are considered. Extensions to handle the case of non-Gaussian clutter statistics are presented. Current challenges of limited training data support, computational cost, and severely heterogeneous clutter backgrounds are outlined. Implementation and performance issues pertaining to reduced rank and model-based parametric approaches are presented.