GIS Based Study on Agricultural Natural Endowments at Prefecture City Level in China

Geographical endowment played a decisive role in agricultural development. In this paper five factors are selected to measure the geographical endowments in different regions, including elevation index, surface rough index, water fitness, effective coefficient of soil, Climate suitability index. The spatial analysis and display functions etc. in ArcGIS are used to characterize the different geographical endowment in China. The population center located the zones of the south of the Qingling mountain and Huaihe river. Qinling Mountain-Huaihe river is a diving line of rice growing areas and wheat growing areas in China. The Great Wall is a diving line of farming areas and pastoral areas. The famous population boundary in China (Hehe-Tengchong population boundary or Hu Huangyong population boundary) is highlighted. geography endowment has decided the agriculture situation which depicts spatial pattern of Chinese agrarian society.