A study on mutual impedance between vertical electrodes

This paper investigates the mutual impedance between vertical grounding electrodes based on FDTD simulations. The FDTD simulation results show the reciprocity of the mutual impedance, i.e. an induced voltage to electrode “1” with length x₁ from electrode 2 with length x₂ is the same as that to the electrode 2 from the electrode 1. The induced voltage saturates when the length x₁ or x₂ is increased. Also, the induced voltage decreases as the separation distance increases. The characteristic is the same as that between overhead conductors. However, the induced voltage is not proportional to the length of the conductor. The characteristic is different from that of overhead conductors.