Error models for robust storage structures

The error models which have appeared in the literature are described and compared. The comparison includes an informal discussion and comparison of detectability and correctability results obtainable with the various models. The ideal comparison basis would be errors produced by real faults in real systems. No such data are available, and an experiment to obtain such data would be extremely costly. One particular case can be used: the errors resulting from crashes (partially completed updates of storage structures) are easily determined and are used as the final basis of comparison.<>