Analog CMOS modeling of invertebrate learning

Analog CMOS circuits which model synaptic habituation, sensitization and classical conditioning found in the marine mollusc Aplysia are presented. These circuits are expected to be useful in artificial neural networks (ANNs) with higher-order synapses and learning rules that perform temporal association of multiple inputs. The investigation illustrates that biological synaptic learning in invertebrates involves more elaborate mechanisms than those found in most current ANN models