Quantities of phase shifters in phased arrays

The one-element/one-phase shifter phased array does not represent the generalized phased array configuration. The generalized phased array consists of radiating elements, a subarray forming network (SFN), and variable phase shifters. The SFN is, in theory, a lossless network containing neither ohmic nor coupling losses. The phase values of the phase shifters are set progressively to scan the beam to some desired angle. We consider a fully overlapped subarray design. The desired radiation pattern of each subarray is a flat top shape over the coverage area.