Development approach of measurement method for Information and Communication Technology adoption level in primary and secondary school

With such rapid growth of technology, the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in teaching and learning process at schools indicates upward trend. Nevertheless, there is still no clear indication to what extent such technology has been applied. In light of that, it is necessary to set a method capable of measuring the adoption level of ICT at schools. This measurement covers some focus areas ranging from infrastructure readiness, application, competency, utilization, etc. These four focus areas have been attached with distinct weights for this measurement. Each focus area also includes some factors. Focus area of infrastructure has some factors, including electricity, telecommunication, internet, computer hardware and multimedia. As for focus area of application it covers learning system and learning content. Meanwhile, factors for focus area of competency they include the ICT competency of school staff, teachers, principal and school administrator. Lastly, focus area of utilization embraces factors of ICT application in learning and teaching activities and school administration process and ICT based school planning and policy. The indicator variables of this measurement method is defined in 4×4 indicator matrix, vertically it shows four level adoption and horizontally it shows four focus areas. Therefore, ICT adoption level as elucidated in four focus areas for each adoption level. Every factor in each adoption level of a focus area has its own indicators, for example student-to-computer ratio (SCR) which is an indicator generally used in many countries. Measurement result from all factors will reflect the schools ICT adoption level either in emerging level, applying level, infusing level or transforming level.