A low Q electrically small spherical antenna

This paper proposes an electrically small antenna with minimum Q, the TM₁₀ mode must be excited while minimizing excitation of other modes. The TM₁₀ antenna is expected to exhibit an omnidirectional pattern. Indeed, the pattern is found to be that of a monopole with the null directed normal to the ground plane. Cross-polarization is extremely small, suggesting that other modes are not significantly excited.