Reflected wave spectrum analysis for estimation of earth subsurface fluid properties

In exploration geophysics, one of the major techniques of estimating the properties of the EarthpsilaS subsurface is reflection seismology. In this method, a seismic source of energy - wideband pulses produced by dynamite or a specialized air gun, or a narrow band chirp signal - is used to send waves into the earthpsilas interior. An array of receiver - typically geophones or hydrophones - suitably placed in a grid pattern, receives the reflected and refracted seismic waves, which travel through earth layers. Based on the timing and content of these received waves, the properties of the Earth are estimated.