Reliability evaluation of distribution systems including micro-grids considering demand response and energy storage

The integration of micro-grids has changed the radial configuration of distribution systems. Flexible operation modes of micro-grids, the incorporation of demand response and energy storage devices have render traditional distribution system reliability evaluation method obsolete. Based on a sequential probabilistic model of wind generators, a piecewise price model for distribution systems considering renewable energy penetration level is proposed in this paper. Then, a reliability model of the load incorporating demand response is developed based on the piecewise price model. Furthermore, a charging/discharging management model of energy storage devices considering micro-grid operation modes is determined. Sequential Monte-Carlo simulation and minimal path method are adopted to evaluate reliability of distribution systems including micro-grids. The validity of above models and methodology is examined through numerical tests on modified RBTS.