Model order reduction techniques applied to electromagnetic problems

The modeling of the electromagnetic (EM) behavior of VLSI systems is becoming increasingly important as the clock frequencies increase and as signal rise times decrease. The higher spectral content of the signals and the more complicated structures increase the complexity of the electromagnetic models required. This in turn results in an increase in memory requirements as well as in computer time. For this reason, many researchers have considered the use of model order reduction (MOR) techniques to simplify the analysis of EM models of all types. This paper describes the state of the art of MOR for EM problems. Two practical problems, a 2D problem and a 3D problem, are given to encourage comparison between the methods for similar problems