DocumentCode :
2793461
Title :
Modular ESS with second life batteries operating in grid independent mode
Author :
Mukherjee, Nandini ; Strickland, Dani
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electr., Electron. & Power Eng., Aston Univ., Birmingham, UK
fYear :
2012
fDate :
25-28 June 2012
Firstpage :
653
Lastpage :
660
Abstract :
This work is part of a bigger project which aims to research the potential development of commercial opportunities for the re-use of batteries after their use in low carbon vehicles on an electricity grid or microgrid system. There are three main revenue streams (peak load lopping on the distribution Network to allow for network re-enforcement deferral, National Grid primary/ secondary/ high frequency response, customer energy management optimization). These incomes streams are dependent on the grid system being present. However, there is additional opportunity to be gained from also using these batteries to provide UPS backup when the grid is no longer present. Most UPS or ESS on the market use new batteries in conjunction with a two level converter interface. This produces a reliable backup solution in the case of loss of mains power, but may be expensive to implement. This paper introduces a modular multilevel cascade converter (MMCC) based ESS using second-life batteries for use on a grid independent industrial plant without any additional onsite generator as a potentially cheaper alternative. The number of modules has been designed for a given reliability target and these modules could be used to minimize/eliminate the output filter. An appropriate strategy to provide voltage and frequency control in a grid independent system is described and simulated under different disturbance conditions such as load switching, fault conditions or a large motor starting. A comparison of the results from the modular topology against a traditional two level converter is provided to prove similar performance criteria. The proposed ESS and control strategy is an acceptable way of providing backup power in the event of loss of grid. Additional financial benefit to the customer may be obtained by using a second life battery in this way.
Keywords :
battery storage plants; distributed power generation; distribution networks; energy storage; frequency control; industrial plants; power generation reliability; power grids; uninterruptible power supplies; voltage control; MMCC; UPS backup; customer energy management optimization; distribution network; disturbance conditions; energy storage system; fault conditions; frequency control; grid independent industrial plant; grid independent mode; grid independent system; high frequency response; load switching; low carbon vehicles; microgrid system; modular ESS; modular multilevel cascade converter; motor starting; network reenforcement deferral; onsite generator; output filter; reliability target; second life batteries; second life battery; two level converter interface; voltage control; Batteries; Equations; Frequency control; Frequency measurement; Reliability; Topology; Voltage control; Energy Storage System (ESS); Grid independent Operation; Second-life batteries; Voltage and Frequency Control;
fLanguage :
English
Publisher :
ieee
Conference_Titel :
Power Electronics for Distributed Generation Systems (PEDG), 2012 3rd IEEE International Symposium on
Conference_Location :
Aalborg
Print_ISBN :
978-1-4673-2021-4
Electronic_ISBN :
978-1-4673-2022-1
Type :
conf
DOI :
10.1109/PEDG.2012.6254072
Filename :
6254072
Link To Document :
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