Low power, monolithic tunable recursive filters having variable and uniform gain

We suggest the new monolithic, tunable, recursive filters having variable, uniform, and high gain. We change the location of amplifier to achieve higher gain. We use the cascode amplifier as VGA to get the variable, uniform and high gain. To achieve higher Q and low power consumption, we also fabricate the second-order filter using only one amplifier. The measured results are similar to our estimations.