Title :
Detailed analysis of Raman amplifiers for long haul transmission
Author :
Rottwitt, Karsten ; Nissov, M. ; Kerfoot, F.
Author_Institution :
Tyco Submarine Syst Labs., Holmdel, NJ, USA
Abstract :
Summary form only given. A comprehensive and accurate model of a Raman amplifier has been proposed. The model is based on measured spectra of the Raman gain coefficient and the fiber attenuation. The model includes a complete spectral ASE power distribution, temperature dependence, and Rayleigh scattering. A comparison between measured and calculated gain and noise performance shows agreement better than 0.1 dB. This model has been used to design the Raman amplifiers used in an error-free trans-Atlantic distance 10/spl times/10 Gbit/s wavelength-division multiplexed loop experiment.
Keywords :
Raman lasers; fibre lasers; laser noise; laser theory; optical communication equipment; optical fibre networks; optical pumping; stimulated Raman scattering; superradiance; wavelength division multiplexing; Raman amplifiers; Raman gain coefficient; Rayleigh scattering; amplifier model; error-free trans-Atlantic distance; fiber attenuation; gain performance; long haul transmission; noise performance; spectral ASE power distribution; temperature dependence; wavelength-division multiplexed loop; Attenuation measurement; Gain measurement; Noise measurement; Performance gain; Power distribution; Rayleigh scattering; Stimulated emission; Temperature dependence; Wavelength division multiplexing; Wavelength measurement;
Conference_Titel :
Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exhibit, 1998. OFC '98., Technical Digest
Conference_Location :
San Jose, CA, USA
Print_ISBN :
1-55752-521-8
DOI :
10.1109/OFC.1998.657178
