Full 360° azimuth angle wideband propagation modeling for an urban line-of-sight microcellular environment

This paper presents the 360° azimuth angle channel modeling of wideband propagation in urban line-of-sight (LOS) microcellular environment of array antennas at the basestation and its experimental validations. First, the modeling includes rays from the whole 360° azimuth angles. Second, it verifies that the use of three-dimensional and two-dimensional methods in the forward and other reflection and diffraction propagation directions, respectively, is appropriate for the LOS propagation predictions. Third, it includes reflections from the curved surfaces of street corners and walls. Fourth, it extends existing expressions, making them applicable for array antennas at the base station. The results compared with wideband measurements provide better understanding of the propagation mechanism