Resilient approach for energy management on Hot Spots in WSNs

Mitigating Hot Spot energy consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a demanding task. Hot Spots have their nature bounded on routing - they are areas overloaded with high traffic rate, resulting in expanding energy holes. Hot Spots mitigation approaches have employed several techniques supported by routing protocols, such as multiple or mobile sinks, the deployment of more sensors in the Hot Spot area and unequal clustering. Albeit their advantages, cluster-based routing protocols to mitigate Hot Spots manage route maintenance inefficiently, leading to poor network performance and high energy consumption. This work presents an energy management approach to mitigate Hot Spots in WSN, supported by unequal clustering and low-costly dynamic route maintenance. We also generalize our solution for an energy management architecture that considers Hot Spot issues. Results show resilient routing and an efficient energy management, improving both network lifetime and performance.