Comparison of channel impulse response measurements and calculations in indoor environments

Emerging radio systems are established in the UHF to EHF. They are also intended for short ranges like in a single building or a scenario of a few buildings. A wave propagation tool for indoor environments is required in order to plan these systems. The wavelength above 1 GHz is small with respect to the dimensions of the physical environment, thus a ray optical approach is valid. At the Institut fur Hochstfrequenztechnik und Elektronik (IHE) at the University of Karlsruhe, a ray optical propagation model for indoor environments has been developed. To verify the model several measurements have to be performed. A measurement system has been developed at the IHE which is based on a vector network analyzer. It measures complex transmission factors in the frequency range from 45 MHz up to 50 GHz limited only by the antenna bandwidth. The channel impulse response results in an inverse Fourier transformation. Additional diversity aspects like the cross covariance of a multi channel system are also investigated by the measurement system. This paper deals with the verification of the model at frequencies from 1 GHz up to mm-wave bands. Some comparisons of channel impulse response measurements and calculations are presented and a variety of diversity results with different antenna systems is shown.