Modified Vector Control Algorithm for Increasing Partial-Load Efficiency of Fractional-Slot Concentrated Winding Surface PM Machines

This paper presents a modified vector control algorithm for a fractional-slot concentrated-winding surface PM machine that has been developed to maximize the machine´s partial-load efficiency over a wide range of operating conditions. By increasing the amplitude of the negative d-axis current, the resulting increase in the stator copper losses can be more than offset by the reduction in the iron core losses achieved by lowering the stator d-axis flux amplitude. The effectiveness of this technique has been demonstrated using both analytical models and finite element analysis (FEA) for a 55 kW (peak) surface PM machine design developed for a demanding set of traction drive performance requirements. For this example, the modified control strategy increases the partial-load efficiency at 20% of rated torque by >6% at 2000 rpm compared to the maximum torque/amp algorithm, making the machine much more attractive for its intended application