Model predictive control of a hybrid battery-ultracapacitor power source

In this paper we propose a model predictive control system for a hybrid battery-ultracapacitor power source. The main advantage of the proposed system is that the battery current, the battery state of the charge, the ultracapacitor current and the ultracapacitor voltage are maintained within the predefined constraints during the operation. The input to the system is the total required power (current) that is to be supplied or stored by the hybrid power source. The model predictive controller predicts how the total current is to be shared between the battery and the ultracapacitor subject to the predefined constraints. At the same time, the controller allocates fast current changes to the ultracapacitor while the battery responds mainly to slow current changes which helps to increase the battery lifetime. Presented simulation results verify operation of the proposed system.