Alternative bunch formation for the Tevatron collider

Both the proton and antiproton bunches in the Fermilab Tevatron collider have longitudinal emittances that are so large as to introduce serious limitations to operations. Poor beam lifetime, narrower horizontal aperture, and 30% lower luminosities are just a few examples. Theoretically, these 36 protons and 36 antiproton bunches could have longitudinal emittances roughly 6-10 times smaller if the formation of these bunches did not involve emittance dilution. In this paper, alternative longitudinal manipulations are discussed that reduce or eliminate this nonadiabatic longitudinal emittance growth. The measured results of accelerator studies in the Fermilab accelerator chain are presented and compared with theoretical and numerical calculations