A transistorized overload-proof electronic regulator (TOPER)

With the appearance of transistorized plug-in circuits came the need for power supplies compatible in physical construction and reliability. A series-voltage regulator was reexamined with an open mind to see what a new approach would produce. The TOPER regulator presented here has a typical output characteristic. The heart of the TOPER regulator is a modified emitter-coupled difference amplifier. A short circuit out in the circuitry being powered would produce something like 0.5 ohm (line 2) which will draw about 100 ma; recovery is automatic. A complete loading cycle from no-load to short circuit and back to no-load will show a hysteresis in the output voltage.