A Low-Overhead Fault-Aware Deflection Routing Algorithm for 3D Network-on-Chip

This paper proposes a low-overhead fault-tolerant deflection routing algorithm, which uses a layer routing table and two TSV state vectors to make efficient routing decision to avoid both TSV and horizontal link faults, for 3D NoC. The proposed switch is implemented in hardware with TSMC 65nm technology, which can achieve 250MHz. Compared with a reinforcement-learning-based fault-tolerant deflection switch with a global routing table, the proposed switch occupies 40% less area and consumes 49% less power consumption. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed switch has 5% less average packet latency than the switch with the global routing table under real application workloads and with only 5% performance degradation under synthetic workloads in the presence of 10% link faults.