Heart sound segmentation algorithm based on instantaneous energy of electrocardiogram

This paper presents an algorithm to detect the first heart sound (Si) and second heart sound (S2). The algorithm utilizes instantaneous energy of electrocardiogram (ECG) to estimate the presence of S1 and S2. Thus, heart sound segmentation can be done as it is essential in the automatic diagnosis of heart sounds. The instantaneous energy of ECG is performed to verify the occurrence of S1 and S2 as it is widely accepted pathologically that phonocardiogram (PCG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) are two noninvasive source of information depicting the cardiac activity. The ECG is a surface measurement of the electrical potential generated by electrical activity in cardiac tissues. Meanwhile, PCG is the graphical representation of the heart sound produced by the heart. The algorithm was tested for 210 cardiac cycles of heart sound and ECG recorded from patients from normal and abnormal simultaneously.