A pattern synthesis technique for circularly-polarized spherical microstrip antenna arrays

This paper presents a pattern synthesis technique for circularly-polarized spherical microstrip antenna arrays. It is based on the iterative solution of constrained least squares problems and takes into account the radiation pattern of each array element, including the mutual coupling among them, what increases its accuracy. The far electric field radiated by each array element is represented by interpolation polynomials in the developed code, which make calculation of array excitations faster. An example is provided at the end of the paper to illustrate the use and capability of the proposed technique.