Design of multifocal transmitarray antennas for beamforming applications

Beam scanning performance of planar multifocal transmitarray antennas are investigated in this paper. The advantages of the proposed structure over conventional designs are first delineated, and then a Ku-band transmitarray antenna with quadrufocal phase distribution is designed using the particle swarm optimization technique for 60° scan coverage, which shows a good performance. The results presented in this study reveal that multifocal transmitarray antenna can be a suitable low-cost choice for high-gain beamforming applications.