Solar Dynamic Energy Conversion Systems for a Manned Space Station

Because of the large amounts of power required for materials processing, manufacturing, telecommunications, and other operations on a manned Space Station, the need for large-scale electrical power generation capability has been established. Although large photovoltaic arrays and energy storage systems will suffice for power levels below 100 kW, results of studies show that for power requirements above the 100-kW range, these large arrays will be cumbersome and difficult to control. For these applications, the solar dynamic power system (SDPS) concept offers significant potential advantages over the photovoltaic approach. This paper describes the three most promising SDPS conversion options, viz, those based on the Rankine, Brayton, and Stirling thermodynamic cycles, along with the extensive terrestrial technology base which legitimates their consideration for the Space Station. The concept of reciprocal interdependency of space and terrestrial technologies is discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of the three dynamic systems are presented, major technology issues are explored, and comparisons are made with Space Station photovoltaic power system concepts.