Title : 
A sub-electron readout noise CMOS image sensor with pixel-level open-loop voltage amplification
         
        
            Author : 
Lotto, Christian ; Seitz, Peter ; Baechler, Thomas
         
        
            Author_Institution : 
Heliotis, Root Längenbold, Switzerland
         
        
        
        
        
        
            Abstract : 
An ultra-low-noise CMOS image sensor based on an alternative pixel circuit featuring pixel-level voltage amplification is reported. Besides a significant reduction in the contribution of electronic noise generated in column-level circuits, pixel-level voltage amplification achieves sub-electron noise of the pixel-level circuit even without any column-level low-pass filter.
         
        
            Keywords : 
CMOS image sensors; integrated circuit noise; low noise amplifiers; readout electronics; column-level circuit; electronic noise reduction; pixel-level circuit; pixel-level open-loop voltage amplification; subelectron readout noise; ultra-low-noise CMOS image sensor; CMOS image sensors; Capacitance; Noise; Pixel; Threshold voltage; Transistors;
         
        
        
        
            Conference_Titel : 
Solid-State Circuits Conference Digest of Technical Papers (ISSCC), 2011 IEEE International
         
        
            Conference_Location : 
San Francisco, CA
         
        
        
            Print_ISBN : 
978-1-61284-303-2
         
        
        
            DOI : 
10.1109/ISSCC.2011.5746370