Analyses supporting surveillance requirements for a Category I Paired Approach procedure

Closely Spaced Parallel Runways (CSPRs) with centerlines separated by 700 to 2500 feet (ft) are used for simultaneous arrivals when visual separation can be provided by flight crews. Such operations typically provide arrival rates of roughly 60 aircraft per hour. When visual approaches cannot be conducted significant reductions in capacity and increased delays occur. An initial Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B) based Paired Approach (PA) procedure has been conceptualized to reclaim up to 90% of this lost capacity potentially down to Category I (CAT I) approach minima. This paper details several analyses of the CAT I PA procedure with respect to surveillance and navigation. The first analysis identified dynamic separation bounds that appear to provide collision and wake vortex protection in the presence of surveillance errors with minimal occurrence of false alerts. The second analysis explored an integrity enhancement concept to mitigate cases where surveillance sources could indicate safe separation when in reality aircraft are dangerously close. The final analysis examined Traffic alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) behavior in this context to address concerns that Resolution Advisories (RAs) could present a significant problem. Results indicate that aircraft separations in a CAT I PA procedure are great enough to provide a 10^-4 or less probability of RA per operation. Cumulatively the analyses in this paper suggest that surveillance data quality required for initial ADS-B installations and existing navigation system performance are potentially adequate for the CAT I PA procedure if mitigations are employed via multiple independent systems.