Square loop antenna miniaturization using new fractal geometry

There is a very tricky problem in Antenna design. Common designs are sensitive to only a narrow range of frequencies, and if they are smaller than a quarter of the wavelength, they are not efficient. This is a problem for small, portable antennas such as those on cellular phones. Fractal antenna designs can be used to overcome some of the these problems. Researches have shown that antennas built with only a small number of iterations of a fractal process can exhibit sensitivity at several frequencies. As the number of iterations increases, the lowest frequency of the antenna gets lower, and additional higher frequencies are added. There are several common fractal for square loop antenna miniaturization using fractal geometry, such as Koch & Minkowski fractal. In this paper, for more miniaturization, we present a fractal model that allows an increase in the total electric length without occupying more space. This led to an easily matched compact loop antenna, but with a small sacrifice of the gain.