The Characteristics and Source of Elemental Composition in Fine Particles during Haze Days in Autumn in Nanjing

About 40 kinds of inorganic elements in Atmospheric fine particles (PM2.5) were determined using the ICP-MS techniques based on the observational date during the period from 7 September to 27 November 2007. The PM2.5 samples were collected by the US R&P-1400a ambient particulate monitor. Here we analyzed the characteristics of 34 kinds of principal components in haze and non-haze days. The results showed that in autumn the mass concentrations of elements in haze days were higher than in non-haze days except Cd. In addition, enrichment factors (EF) for elements showed that elements from anthropogenic origins (Zn, Ge, Pb, Hg and Bi) were highly enriched in haze days and the degree of enrichment of Hg and Bi were especially higher than in non-haze days. The result of factor analysis demonstrated that the air fine particles may mainly originated from soil dust, metallurgic emission, the combustion of fossil material and oil and building industry emission in haze days during sampling period in Autumn, accounting for 29.30%, 22.22%, 9.47%, 9.29%, respectively. The metallurgic emission and the combustion of fossil material and oil had important influence on formation of haze weather in the Autumn.