Adaptive video watermarking algorithm based on MPEG-4 streams

Video digital watermarking is a topic of the current watermarking research. To better ensure the robustness and invisibility, an adaptive video watermarking algorithm is proposed based on MPEG-4 video compression principle and the human visual system model. The adaptive factor is designed according to the direct current coefficient and the number of low and intermediate frequency coefficients after discrete cosine transform (DCT) of I frame. For different image blocks, the different embedded intensity is used. The watermarking is embedded into the low frequency coefficients. Experiments show that the algorithm works well with the compatibility of human visual system, and the common attack is very robust as well.