Title :
High-efficiency solar cells using HEM silicon
Author :
Khattak, C.P. ; Schmid, F. ; Schubert, W.K.
Author_Institution :
Crystal Syst. Inc., Salem, MA, USA
Abstract :
Developments in heat exchanger method (HEM) technology for production of multicrystalline silicon ingot production have led to growth of larger ingots (55 cm square cross section) with lower costs and reliability in production. A single reusable crucible has been used to produce 16 multicrystalline 33 cm square cross section 40 kg ingots, and capability to produce 44 cm ingots has been demonstrated. Large area solar cells of 16.3% (42 cm2) and 15.3% (100 cm2) efficiency have been produced without optimization of the material production and the solar cell processing
Keywords :
elemental semiconductors; heat exchangers; materials preparation; semiconductor materials; semiconductor technology; silicon; solar cells; 15.3 percent; 16.3 percent; 33 cm; 40 kg; 44 cm; 55 cm; Si; heat exchanger method Si; high-efficiency solar cells; multicrystalline ingots; multicrystalline silicon ingot production; reliability; reusable crucible; silica crucibles; Costs; Furnaces; Photovoltaic cells; Photovoltaic systems; Power generation economics; Production systems; Raw materials; Silicon compounds; Solar power generation; Throughput;
Conference_Titel :
Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 1994., Conference Record of the Twenty Fourth. IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference - 1994, 1994 IEEE First World Conference on
Conference_Location :
Waikoloa, HI
Print_ISBN :
0-7803-1460-3
DOI :
10.1109/WCPEC.1994.520197
