Towards developing a unified multimodal image retrieval framework

Built upon the previous work on automatic image annotation and multimodal image retrieval, in this paper we present a unified multimodal image retrieval framework, called UPMIR. The contributions of this paper include: (1) the development of the UPMIR framework; and (2) extensive evaluations of UPMIR including evaluations against a state-of-the-art image retrieval system in a large scale, visually and semantically diverse database crawled from the Web to demonstrate that UPMIR not only has more effective and efficient retrieval performance, but also facilitates more enhanced retrieval modalities.