Temperature-Dependent Power Flow

In conventional power flow, the system branch resistances are assumed to be constant despite the fact that they are sensitive to temperature, and therefore to branch loading and losses. When the accurate calculation of losses is important, temperature correction of branch resistance can improve the accuracy of the power flow calculation. This paper introduces a temperature-dependent power flow algorithm: a novel approach which integrates an estimate of branch temperatures and resistances with the conventional power flow equations. This methodology relies on the creation of a set of coupled temperature and power flow equations which are solved using the Newton-Raphson solution method for nonlinear equations. The core methodology is developed first, then extended via several decoupling techniques.