Geodirectional-cast forwarding based on quadrant for real-time routing in Wireless Sensor Network

Directional forwarding is forwarding to the next nodes that have the optimal progress towards destination while geocast forwarding is forwarding of packets to nodes within a certain geographic area. This paper proposes new type of communication in wireless sensor network (WSN) called geodirectional-cast forwarding based on quadrant. Geodirectional-cast forwarding combines geocast with directional forwarding to forward the data packet through multiple paths within a certain geographic area to destination. Forwarding based on quadrant means neighboring nodes that are in the same quadrant will only participate in this routing phase. This paper presents the simulation results of three types of forwarding which are unicast, geocast and geodirectional-cast. The finding shows geodirectional-cast improves throughput and consumes acceptable power compared to unicast and geocast forwarding.