Effects of Video-Based Reflection Prompts on Learners´ Reflection Levels in a Context-Aware U-Learning Environment

Literature has shown that reflection is one of the important factors in learning, and u-learning can enhance learning performance, motivation and efficiency. This study applied reflection prompts to improve learners´ reflection levels and learning satisfaction for a plant species observation activity in a context-aware u-learning environment. Due to the complexity of the plant species observation and the screen size limitation of mobile devices, the use of text-based reflection prompts, which was wildly adopted by previous research, is rather insufficient. This study therefore designed a video-based reflection prompt strategy in which the QR Code technique was used to locate learners´ locations for providing a timely and adequate guidance. An experiment was conducted for evaluating the effectiveness of the developed learning system with 70 participants. Experimental results showed that learners´ reflection levels were significantly improved with the use of video-based reflection prompt strategy, but there was no significant difference in learning satisfaction.