Title :
A new method for monitoring ammonium nitrate contamination in natural water sources based on independent component analysis
Author :
Yunus, Mohd Amri Md ; Mukhopdhyay, S.
Author_Institution :
Sch. of Eng. & Adv. Technol., Massey Univ., Palmerston North, New Zealand
Abstract :
A system that measures impedance of a novel planar electromagnetic sensor successfully estimated the amount of ammonium and nitrate contaminations in natural water sources with the use of independent component analysis. The system employs a planar electromagnetic sensor which is simple to construct, reliable, and low cost. In this paper we have reported the achievement of extending the detecting capabilities of the sensor using independent component analysis to estimate ammonium nitrate contamination in water sources supply with good accuracy. The outcomes show a very good estimation of contamination level with the output response of the sensor and independent component analysis method.
Keywords :
ammonium compounds; chemical sensors; contamination; electric impedance measurement; electric sensing devices; electromagnetic devices; independent component analysis; magnetic sensors; water resources; NH4NO3; ammonium nitrate contamination level estimation; ammonium nitrate contamination monitoring; impedance measurement; independent component analysis method; natural water source supply; planar electromagnetic sensor; Contamination; Electromagnetics; Impedance; Independent component analysis; Integrated circuits; Rivers; Water pollution;
Conference_Titel :
Sensors, 2011 IEEE
Conference_Location :
Limerick
Print_ISBN :
978-1-4244-9290-9
DOI :
10.1109/ICSENS.2011.6127249
