Combined Land-Use and Transportation Demand Modeling Based on Equitableness

Land use changes inevitably have impacts on travel costs and trip production. The impacts may be positive or negative to transportation users. Importantly, equity issues arise as the positive benefits and the negative ones may be unevenly distributed. This paper will propose an equity-based land use-transportation model, which examines the benefit distribution among transportation users as well as investigates equity concerns associated with the impact of land development on the equilibrium O-D travel cost. The study uses a bi-level programming model integrating equity issues into the travel demand model. The upper level sub-model maximizes traffic production with equity constraints, while the lower level sub-model addresses a combined trip distribution/assignment user equilibrium problem. Genetic algorithm based method is applied to solve the bi-level model.