Rectifier and DC bus systems design for the copper electrowinning industry

It is noted that the use of DC rectifiers and DC bus systems for the copper electrowinning industry has become more widespread during the last 10 years due to the refinement of the solvent extraction process, which has made electrowinning one of the most cost-effective methods of producing copper. The author discusses some of the design features of the large DC rectifier systems, the design basis for the DC bus systems, and some of the problems encountered with the operations of the systems. He suggests means to correct these problems on present and future systems