Title :
Progress in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells and submodules
Author :
Kessler, J. ; Wiedeman, S. ; Russell, L. ; Lommasson, T. ; Skibo, S. ; Fogleboch, J. ; Kloss, T. ; Arya, R.R.
Author_Institution :
Thin Film Div., Solarex Corp., Newtown, PA, USA
Abstract :
Cu(In,Ga)Se2 based solar cells with total area efficiencies of 14.4% have been achieved using processes that exhibit very promising uniformity over areas above 500 cm2. In order to develop interconnect schemes and optimize various parameters for large area modules, 40 cm2 submodules with 10 segments are used. Progress in the interconnect formation and the ZnO characteristics are discussed. Despite a persisting difference between the fill factors of typical grided devices and of typical interconnected devices, efficiencies of 9.55% and 11.6% have been achieved on 35.38 cm2 (10 segment) and 14.46 cm2 (6 segment) submodules respectively
Keywords :
copper compounds; indium compounds; semiconductor device manufacture; solar cell arrays; solar cells; 11.6 percent; 14.4 percent; 9.55 percent; Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cell; CuInGaSe2; PV submodules; ZnO; fill factors; grided devices; interconnect schemes; large area modules; Apertures; Photovoltaic cells; Photovoltaic systems; Production; Sputtering; Substrates; Testing; Transistors; Virtual manufacturing; Zinc oxide;
Conference_Titel :
Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 1994., Conference Record of the Twenty Fourth. IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference - 1994, 1994 IEEE First World Conference on
Conference_Location :
Waikoloa, HI
Print_ISBN :
0-7803-1460-3
DOI :
10.1109/WCPEC.1994.519844
