Energy Efficient Layered Clustering Approach for WSN

Clustering in wireless sensor networks is a common approach to improve the efficiency of finite energy resource. Cluster head selection may be fair within each cluster based on a certain probability function. However, the energy used by each cluster head is usually unbalanced as a result of their different distance to the BS. The cluster heads which are nearer the BS are more prone to being chosen as relay nodes to transfer data. We propose and analyze a layered clustering algorithm to keep energy balance of cluster heads in the network. Then the performance of this approach is evaluated with simulation. Results show that this algorithm improves network lifetime and enhances energy efficiency.