Analysis and reduction of polarization mode dispersion in an optical fiber

This paper deals with the effects and compensation of Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD), which has found to be a considerable attention in high data rate systems, now-a-days. In general, a small amount of PMD is to be considered in high data rate systems, since it limits the data rate. Unlike the chromatic dispersion phenomenon, the PMD is found to be a time varying and an unstable phenomenon. Thus compensation of PMD is required since it distorts the signal and broadens the pulse in a statistical manner. In this paper we analyze the PMD effects by varying the length and birefringence of the fiber and compensate the effect of PMD using the OPTSIM simulation for 10, and 40 Giga bits per second (Gb/s) transmission systems. Here the Compensation of PMD is done by an optical compensation method called Deterministic Differential Group Delay (DDGD) and the results have been simulated and analyzed.